Representasi Degradasi Keimanan dalam Cerpen “Wabah” Karya Ahmad Mustofa Bisri

Abstract

A decline in one's faith may result from a lack of literacy or knowledge about the ethical principles associated with transcendence. It is of significant importance to enhance the literacy about transcendence, with the objective of elevating the quality of religious individuals. This study aims to elucidate the phenomenon of the degradation of faith as depicted in the short story "Wabah" by Ahmad Mustofa Bisri. The term "ethics of transcendence" is used to describe the formulation of prophetic literary ethics, as proposed by Kuntowijoyo. This study employs a qualitative descriptive research design. The data tabulation in this study employs data sources in the form of words, phrases, and sentences from the short story Wabah by Ahmad Mustofa Bisri, which was published in 2018. The analysis was conducted using the content analysis technique. The researcher acted as the primary data collector and played a role in determining the validity of the data through the triangulation method, until the conclusions were drawn. The results of this study demonstrate the representation of the deterioration of faith in the form of deviations from the Islamic faith, including acts of shirk and deviations from Ihsan, such as acts of slander and gossip. Additionally, the representation of the deterioration of faith in the short story Wabah can be utilized as a reflection of the human condition when confronted with challenges and when faith is often tested by fear, despair, and external pressures that override reason and spirituality.

Abstrak

Kemerosotan keimanan seseorang dapat terjadi akibat kurangnya literasi maupun pengetahuan tentang etika transendensi. Literasi mengenai transendensi penting untuk ditingkatkan demi kualitas beragama umat semakin tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap fenomena degradasi keimanan yang ada dalam cerpen Wabah karya Ahmad Mustofa Bisri. Etika transendensi mengacu pada rumusan etika sastra profetik yang dikemukakan Kuntowijoyo. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Tabulasi data pada penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat dari cerpen Wabah karya Ahmad Mustofa Bisri yang terbit di tahun 2018. Metode analisis dilakukan dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Sementara instrumen pada penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri sebagai pengumpul data utama dan berperan dalam menentukan validitas data melalui metode triangulasi, hingga penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan representasi degradasi keimanan berupa penyimpangan Iman yaitu perbuatan syirik, penyimpangan Ihsan yaitu perbuatan fitnah dan gibah, serta gambaran tentang perbuatan dosa yang dianggap lumrah. Representasi degradasi keimanan dalam cerpen Wabah dapat dijadikan cerminan atas kondisi manusia ketika dihadapkan pada suatu masalah dan iman seringkali diuji dengan rasa takut, putus asa, dan tekanan dari luar yang mendominasi akal dan spiritualitas.